Tax Fraud - 1684 Words

Introduction This paper will discuss the topic of tax fraud. We will begin by introducing the basic concepts of tax fraud. Secondly, this paper will also delve into some of the laws that have been passed as punishment for those parties that decide to commit tax fraud. We will also highlight some of the more current examples of tax fraud that have been committed and the details that lead to the perpetrators being caught. Lastly we will discuss the role that criminal investigators have in the realm of tax fraud. Tax fraud can be stated simply as: willfully supplying fraudulent information on tax returns to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). As we know, no one is perfect and mistakes are made quite often, but the operative word in†¦show more content†¦Current Fraud Schemes There have been many famous tax fraud cases over the years. The ability of individuals to consistently find ingeniously creative ways of committing tax fraud, especially with the magnitude of rules and regulations concerning tax, is astounding. Every year there are thousands of instances of tax fraud schemes taking place, accounting for billions of dollars of lost revenues for the IRS. In 2011 alone, the IRS reported roughly 2 million potentially fraudulent tax returns out of over 145 million tax returns filed.(htt) In addition to highly sophisticated tax fraud schemes, sometimes very simple schemes are able to exist without interference. Of the approximately 2 million fraudulent tax returns filed in 2011, identity theft accounted for about 450,000. (htt) In Tampa, FL for instance, identity theft for the purpose of filing fraudulent tax returns has become more and more prevalent. (htt1) Law enforcement bears witness to thousands of people annually in possession of ledgers, tax filings, lists of SSN’s and personal information, and refund debit cards. However, law states that it is not illegal to simply possess this information, only to use it. Lack of ascertainable proof has for ced the police department to allow hundreds of perpetrators go free, creating a very frustrating situation for everyone involved. Similarly, there has been a recent surge in the identity theft of Puerto Rican citizens’ information. Since PuertoShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Tax Fraud1848 Words   |  8 Pagescommon problem in the country we live in? Tax fraud. It is said to be about 80% of the world is doing it. Every country in the world needs taxes from the people to keep the economy running well. That is why we pay for everything in the world, even the parking lot we park our cars when going to the mall. When we pay taxes it allows the country to not have depth, pay the military, be used for government purposes, and also get back to us too. What is tax fraud? It is when someone pays too little or claimingRead MoreBusiness Fraud: Pyramid Schemes, Tax Fraud and Money Laundering1682 Words   |  7 Pages Business Fraud Business fraud basically involves acts that are a breach of ethics and integrity in a business environment. According to Investopedia, business fraud is any activity undertaken, unethical or illegal in most cases that gives an unfair advantage to the undertaker of the action (Investopedia). Action Fraud, a â€Å"fraud report center† in the UK reports businesses of all sizes are vulnerable to fraud and as much as 25% of SMEs in the UK fall victim to fraudsters (Action Fraud). This paperRead MoreCorporate and Personal Income Tax Fraud813 Words   |  3 Pages Corporate and personal income tax fraud is not a new phenomenon; it is a part of day to day business in the global economy. Where there is worship of money there seems to be fraud in one form or another. China is no different than any other country on this planet; it has honest corporations and dishonest ones also. China is listed as number 8 on the top 10 countries for tax fraud (Berr, 2011). United States is still listed as number one and Canada not even in the top 20. Hong Kong is listed as fourRead MoreTax Fraud613 Words   |  3 PagesEconomic Growth Although accounting has often been described as a profession and industry that is fairly recessionary proof, is that really true? For the foreseeable future, individuals and businesses still need CPAs and accountants to prepare and file tax. Companies still require audits. The consulting and advisory services many accountants specialize in will continue to be in demand.If everyone, seemingly, needs an accountant, then the industry hasn’t suffered . . . has it? Accounting firms are a goodRead MoreLegal And Regulatory Environments And Ethics1712 Words   |  7 Pages1. Title: legal and Regulatory Environments and Ethics: Essential Components of a Fraud and Forensic Accounting Curriculum Forensic accounting is defined as the action of identifying, recording, settling, extracting, sorting, reporting, and verifying past financial data or other accounting activities for settling current or prospective legal disputes or using such past financial data for projecting future financial data to settle legal disputes. Forensic accountant are very important part of theRead MoreXerox Financial Fraud Case Analysis Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesFinancial Research – The Xerox 1 Financial Research Xerox Financial Fraud Case Analysis This paper was prepared for Auditing Procedures Financial Research – The Xerox Abstract On April 8th, 2002, the Xerox Corporation (Xerox) announced its willingness to accept the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to reach a settlement with the conditions. Thereafter, its financial fraud became surfaced. On June 28th, Xerox Corporation in accordance with the requirements of the settlementRead MoreMoney Frauds : China And China994 Words   |  4 PagesAgainst Money Frauds China is one of the countries that have the highest yearly rate of frauds. Although the China governments have uploaded many promotional videos on preventing the crooks, but can we really get away from the fraud base on those videos? The risk of fraudulent activity is increases every year in China. The China government should establish a special department to help people to prevent from the money frauds, because frauds are the problem that affects people a lot and also becauseRead MoreAnalyzing How Businesses Cook The Books With Reference For Real World Cases1237 Words   |  5 Pagesfinancial statements of a business, to hide expenses, improve earnings per share (EPS) or to attract new investors. This is known as financial statement fraud or colloquially labelled â€Å"cooking the books†. (Grossman St Amour, 2014) These crimes can have a significant impact on the business, as their stock could be driven into the ground if a fraud is discovered, as well as falling deeper and deeper into debt, by taking more money from investors, all while knowing that they are certainly unable to returnRead MoreThe Liability Of An Accountant1235 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen lobbying for liability reform in cases involving negligence or fraud committed by public accountants. So, being an accounting major myself, I wanted to write about the ongoing fight involving liability reform in public accounting. Contrary to some belief, accounting is not a â€Å"cakewalk† career. Accountants do not sit at a desk one-hundred percent of the time crunching numbers that always add up perfectly. In fact, accounting fraud is one of the largest scandals found today. When an accountant entersRead MoreACC 561 Week 2 Individual Assignment Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021432 Words   |  6 Pagesacts. 8. Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability: This title may be cited as the ‘‘Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability Act of 2002’’. It includes sections for criminal penalties for destruction, alteration, or falsification of financial records. Anyone who destroys, mutilates, conceals, covers up any record, document shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. It also has sections regarding the statute of limitations of fraud and the protection of employees

Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm - 756 Words

No animal in England is free. The life of an animal is misery and slavery: that is the plain truth. These are the words of George Orwell explaining the imprisonment of communism in his allegory Animal Farm. He tells the story of differences between presentation and actuality in his book. Orwell shows the importance of how people will not rebel if there is an illusion of freedom. In the book, the pigs, who were the leaders of the farm, gives an illusion of freedom by gradually changing the rules from all animals are equal to all animals are equal but some are more equal. None of the animals were able to notice the small changes that the pigs were doing to the farm. When a few animals began to see what Napoleon, the pig and†¦show more content†¦These lyrics tells the animals that there is a reason they have to work so hard, and that’s because they want to stay independent. â€Å"Beasts of England† helps keep the animals from protesting against Napoleon’s rules. It makes the animals think that the harder they work, the more freedom they will have, and the better their lives will be. Since the animals were working so hard, they think they have freedom from more free time or plentiful food, but they dont notice, until the last moment, that their food portions have gone down over time and all they do is work. The animals are convinced that anything with two legs are enemies and anything thing with four legs or have wings are comrades. In the beginning of the book, Old Major, an old pig, convinces the farm animals that they should rebel against Manor Farm, and he tells them about how abusive and careless the farmers are. A line in the book states, â€Å"the only good human being is a dead one† (Orwell 43). Old Major has created the idea of friendship and safety between all of the animals forever, but hatred and danger against the humans. So, when Jones is kicked out, they think they have freedom. This makes the animals think that they can rely on each other. The pig have wisdom and leadership which creates a strong bond between them and the animals. Making it easier for the pigs to take advantage of the animals by convincing them that they are better off than were and free, when theyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm701 Words   |  3 Pageswith what he wa s told. George Orwell’s Animal Farm is about Manor Farm that is seized by its maltreated animals that set up their own government in the now renamed â€Å"Animal Farm†. There are many animals on this farm, including Benjamin, a donkey who is quite old, Clover, a horse who is not very bright, and the two main leaders, pigs named Napoleon and Snowball. Napoleon and Snowball create this new government with seven commandments, the last commandant being that â€Å"All animals are equal†. But when NapoleonRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm921 Words   |  4 Pagesover topics such as life or government. When George Orwell wrote his book Animal Farm, it sparked lots of controversy over government. The book was written as a satire to mock the communist regime that was installed after the Russian Revolution. The book does not directly say it is about the revolution but is almost the same tale. George Orwell used subtle ways such as symbolism and anthropomorp hism to represent history in a different way. In Animal Farm, just about every aspect could be used to representRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1079 Words   |  5 PagesEvery Animal for Himself â€Å"By striving to do the impossible, man has always achieved what is possible. Those who have cautiously done no more than they believed possible have never taken a single step forward.† -Mikhail Bakunin. This quote sums up what the author of the book Animal Farm was trying to convey.   Animal Farm is an allegory of the Russian Revolution. Each character in the book portrays someone who played a part in the revolution. In the book, the author, George Orwell, proves that changeRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1711 Words   |  7 Pages1A. Mr. Jones is a significant character because his actions and bad deeds provoked the animal rebellion, similarly to how Tsar Nicholas II ignorance led his abdication, ending the Romanov rule and replacing it with the new Bolshevik government (Krieger 185). Moreover, in the story, the animals replaced what used to be â€Å"Manor Farm† to â€Å"Animal Farm†, and Orwell does this to resemble the transformation of Russia’s government. There are other events in the story that parallel the true events that resembleRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1142 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it,† said Spanish philosopher George Santayana. This brilliant message shows to be present in George Orwell’s satirical novel Animal Farm. In this book, Orwell uses farm animals to illustrate the true nature of the communist Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. There are many examples in this book and in real life that show the truth of aforementioned Santayana’s statement, for if one does not remember the past, they are only allowing it toRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm748 Words   |  3 PagesFight me! Animals have grown to understand humans and be like humans, until they learn to fight back, and keep the idea that they’re free, and then slowly morph back into the ways it used to be when humans were in charge. Analogies about animal farm can range from, the students connecting the book to the bible, government today, passed wars, or even more, because this book was different for everyone. Animal farm is a very simple book at first, but once a person starts to talk about it, itRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm923 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm Character Analysis Essay â€Å"Old major†¦ was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say† (Orwell 1). The author, George Orwell, portrayed Old Major as the wisest of all the animals on the farm, and without being said, Major was a big part of Animal Farm. In fact, he influenced the lives of all the animals with just one speech. On the day of this speech, Major taught all the animals his wise ideas in a kind supportingRead MoreHow Is Marxism Portrayed in Animal Farm by George Orwell? Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesHow is Marxism portrayed throughout ‘Animal Farm’ by George Orwell? The main aim of Marxism is to bring about a classless society, and ‘Animal Farm’ is generally considered to be a Marxist novel, as all its characters share a similar ambition at the beginning. ‘Animal Farm’ represents an example of the oppressed masses rising up to form their own classless society, whilst offering a subtle critique on Stalin’s Soviet Russia, and communism in general. Orwell is, ironically, revolutionary in hisRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell And Animal Farm Essay2095 Words   |  9 PagesSharon Pittman HUM 314 13 December 2016 George Orwell and Animal Farm: The Provocative Written Word in Political Protest INTRODUCTION AND THESIS Many writers, artists, novelists, journalists, and the sort seek to bring awareness to political and cultural issues through their work. It is not often, though, that their work attains such critically acclaimed status and subsequently creates a platform by which people are moved to respond to the writing’s purpose. George Orwell, however, had a knack for thisRead MoreHow Has George Orwell Used Animal Farm to Present His View of Human Nature?789 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm is a satirical allegory through which he presents his cynical view of human nature. He uses the animal fable effectively to expose the issues of injustice, exploitation and inequality in human society. Orwell uses the allegory, Animal Farm, to present the story of The Russian Revolution and essentially express his opinions on the matter. By plainly exposing the unjust and corrupt system that is communism, Orwell is ultimately presenting his pessimistic view of human

Microeconomics And Economic Theory Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Microeconomics And Economic Theory. Answer: Issues that are Normally Discussed in Microeconomics Microeconomics is a fundamental part of economic theory. Mainly, it focuses on individualeconomic units such as the consumer, the firm, and industry. It tries to explain how a producer, consumer or an industry attains equilibrium while making decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources. Consumer demand and utility maximization Microeconomicsdiscusses this issue through the consumer demand theory. It tries to explain the relationship between the preferences of consumers in order to achieve an equilibrium that maximizes utility subject to their budget constraints. For instance, consumers seek to maximize their utility from a particular product using their scarce resources. Production The production problem is also a major issue discussed in microeconomics. Therefore, the production theory focuses on the firms decision on the process of converting inputs into outputs According to Harberger, for example, firms are faced with the problem of deciding what to produce, supply, and the quantity to produce. Thus, microeconomics helps firms in reaching an equilibrium price and quantity. Monopoly Market structures Microeconomics also discusses various forms of market structures and their different levels of competition. For example, Pettinger explains how monopoly market structures are considered a microeconomic problem since they create the problem of market failure. Monopolies set exorbitant prices than they would if there was competition and, therefore exploit consumers and create inequality within society. Externalities Microeconomics further discusses the concept of externalities. Pettinger suggests that it is one of the most frequent problems in economics as it has external effects on the people not involved in the activity For instance pollution caused by production factories results in a negative externality to the society. Therefore, Microeconomics mainly discusses issues regarding the decisions of households and firms. In addition, it also focuses on issues such as externalities and market structures. References Harberger, Arnold C. Microeconomics. Econlib, n.d. Web. 14 March 2018. https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Microeconomics.html Pettinger, Tevjan. Examples of economic problems, 2016. Economics Help. Web 14 March 2018. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/15276/economics/examples-of-economic-problems/

The Chorus describes Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers Essay Example

The Chorus describes Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers Essay The Chorus describes Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers Do you think that fate is wholly to blame for what happened to them?We are introduced to the idea of Romeo and Juliet being controlled by fate from the start of the play in the chorus, however there may have been other factors controlling their destiny, so was fate wholly to blame, or are there a combination of other reasons why they ended how they did?Shakespeare is the one who first plants the idea of fate into the readers mind by describing Romeo and Juliet as star- crossed lovers, This is effective in setting the scene and the main characters relationship. It suggests that it was written in the stars that they should be together and so they cannot escape it.Shakespeare continues to use the idea of fate throughout the play. Before the party, Romeo has a fearful premonition; he is feeling tense and worried. He believes that fate, hanging in the stars, is going to make things go wrong at the party. He senses that some cons equence, will, bitterly begin his fearful date. He is obviously scared by the premonition as he uses the word fearful. He is feeling uneasy and is quite worried as he believes that fate will, rule his untimely death, meaning that his death is near, which would worry anyone. The party is where he met Juliet, which is the start to his end as he kills himself over his grief for losing Juliet, so maybe this premonition is truthful.Later in Act III scene 5, Juliet is unhappy about Romeo leaving after their wedding night and she looks down at him and says, Me thinks I see thee, now art so low, as one dead in the bottom of a tomb. This premonition gives the effect of dramatic irony, as in the chorus we are told that both characters die, and the play itself is a tragedy. Fate often gives the effect of dramatic irony, as we know it will happen. This would have been a very frightening premonition for them both and as we know it will happen it suggests that it is fate and so there is no stoppi ng it.Later, Romeo tries to comfort Juliet before he leaves to Mantua. She asks if they will ever be together again and he replies;I doubt it not, and all these woes shall serve for sweet discourses in our time to come.This means that there will be a future for them, when their troubles have all disappeared. But he is unconvincing to both Juliet and the audience, as we know that it all ends badly because we are told in the chorus. Juliet cannot see them having a future together. This suggests that fate does play a part in what happens to them as they can just tell that it will go wrong and there is nothing that they can do. The audience already know that it will go wrong.Linking to the description of Romeo and Juliet in the chorus, Romeo speaks before he is about to drink the poison and kill himself. He says that he will, shake the yoke of inauspicious stars. Meaning that he wants to get rid of the oppression of his unfavourable fate. He is saying that when he is dead he will be fre e from his bad luck. But he is still being controlled by fate, as it was his fate to kill himself over his love and grief for Juliet.Romeo prepares himself for death, he tells his, eyes look your last. This means that he will not be using his eyes again so they should take their last look before he dies. He also says, that he will, set up, his everlasting rest. So it is there that he will rest forever. These show that Romeo cannot bear to live without Juliet as he thinks that she is dead. Their fate to be together was so strong that it brought them to their ends.Other characters in the play also mention the idea of fate. Friar Lawrence is upset about finding the bodies of Romeo and Paris. He feels that it was his fault as it was him who came up with the plan to fake Juliets death. But he soon realises that it was down to fate, Guilty of this lamentable chance. He sees it as a crime that fate and chance have done this. He believes that fate could not have been stopped, Of death, cont agion and unnatural sleep. A greater power than we can contradict. Friar Lawrence means that all these bad things are controlled by something so great that we cannot control it. He too thinks that their love was down to fate or chance and so were their deaths.However there are other factors that could be to blame for what happened to Romeo and Juliet. Romeo was a very passionate person; he often let his emotions take over his actions. For example, when he killed Tybalt in revenge for Mercutios death. He did not think he just let his anger get the better of him and the consequences had dramatic effects and contributed to what happened. If Romeo had not of killed Tybalt then he would not have been banished and Capulet would not have brought the wedding nearer in an attempt to cheer Juliet up. This scene of dramatic irony made the situation worse as Juliet felt that she could not marry Paris and so she then faked her own death. All of the events lead onto another. It was Romeo being le d by his heart and not always his head that resulted in him killing Tybalt in revenge and himself in grief.Romeo also had influential friends who persuaded him to go to the party in the first place where he first met Juliet. Romeo did not want to go to the party because of his fearful premonition in a dream previously, some consequence, will bitterly begin his fearful date. This shows that he is clearly worried about the party but yet his friends persuade him to go. It is due to his friends persuasion that he goes to the party and therefore meets Juliet, which is the start of their relationship.It was Mercutios hot temper that started the fight with Tybalt the day of Mercutio and Tybalts death. If Mercutio had listened to Romeo and not quarrelled with Tybalt then the fight would never have broken out, so Romeo would not have slain Tybalt, which brought on more events.The characters in the play were not always truthful to one another. For example if Romeo and Juliet had confessed the ir love to everyone then a lot of the events could have been avoided. As Capulet would not have demanded that Juliet marries Paris. His decision to do this brought on many other events resulting in Romeo and Juliets death.Both Romeo and Juliet were very young and unadvised. They rushed into things, deciding to marry on the very night that they had met. If they had thought about the consequences of their actions a little more then it may not of ended in the way in which it did. Juliet felt that it was going too fast between her and Romeo, It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden. She is overcome with love for Romeo in the previous lines but here she is very practical and starts to worry. If they were older and more mature then they would have both listened to Juliets wise words and waited.Romeos age and immaturity is also shown by his love for Rosaline. He believed that he was in love with her and he says, Under loves heavy burden do I sink. He cannot escape his love for Rosaline. B ut yet next day he falls in love with Juliet and in the end dies over his love for her. It would seem that Romeo falls in love very easily, so therefore if Romeo had never met Juliet then he would still be in love with Rosaline and so their lives would not have ended in the way that they did. But others argue that Romeos love for Juliet was a different kind of love, and that it was different to how he felt about Rosaline.It is said that fate is told in our dreams, but according to Mercutio dreams are not true. Mercutio says that Queen Mab chooses what we dream about, Through lovers brains and then they dream of love. He is saying that she should not be trusted and there is no truth in them. He says that dreams are just, Children of an idle brain, they are untrue; they play with the mind whilst it is idle.Dreams are also proven untruthful after Romeo dreams of, joyful news. He dreamt that he died but Juliet kissed him, which revived him and brought him back to life. He is feeling ha ppy and cheerful. He says that, an unaccustomed spirit lifts me above the ground. This means that something, he does not know what, has made him happy, joyful and in good spirits. But we know that the dream is untrue, as Juliet does not bring him back to life with a kiss. This shows dreams to be untrustworthy.In conclusion both fate and factors concerning the characters played a part in what happened to Romeo and Juliet. I do not think that fate is wholly to blame but I do believe that it did have effects on the outcome of the characters. However, even if they had done things differently it does not mean that things would have ended better. Maybe they could not have escaped their fate, as Friar Lawrence believes, Of death, contagion and unnatural sleep. A greater power than we can contradict.

The Federalist Papers by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay Essay Example

The Federalist Papers by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay Essay Example The Federalist Papers by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay Essay The Federalist Papers by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay Essay Essay Topic: Hamilton Between October 1787 and August 1788, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay wrote and submitted eighty-five seemingly persuasive essays to various New York newspapers.Their essential goal was to convince the people of New York to support the new Constitution that was drafted in Philadelphia in 1787.If they could not sway the people of New York the new country would have been split in half therefore welcoming tension between the two sides as well as foreign invaders. Their success resulted in the uniting of a single power under which we still stand today. The authors were all but subtle in the introduction of the essays.They put the fate of the new Constitution in the hands of one of the bigger, more populous states as well as one of the three most important states.They sought federalism, the mixture of unitary and confederate governments, thus granting the states local power, but also a strong centralized power.They believed that between individual freedom and social order and between a tyrannical government and a government too weak to be effective was a middle ground in which the new Constitution would settle.(Gilbert-Rolfe, 1). The Federalist Papers are probably the most important documentation of the road traveled to the ratification of the new Constitution. This is in fact where we originated as a country. They play such an important role in American history, without them there may well have not been a United States. In America: Past and Present, Divine, one author, points out some of the more important papers written.In paper no. 10, Madisonsfirst contribution, he states the problem with the influence of factions or political groups, which is especially relevant to political problems faced today. (Gilbert-Rolfe, 10).He believes the new Constitution will solve this problem and that is another reason to vote for it.Today in America we have the same prob

Biography of Victoria Woodhull, Womens Rights Activist

Biography of Victoria Woodhull, Women's Rights Activist Victoria Woodhull (born Victoria Claflin; September 23, 1838–June 9, 1927) was a womens rights activist, stockbroker, and newspaper editor. She ran for president of the United States in 1872. Woodhull was also involved in the spiritualist movement, and for a time she made her living as a healer. Fast Facts: Victoria Woodhull Known For:  Candidacy for U.S. President; radicalism as a womens suffrage activist; role in a sex scandal involving Henry Ward BeecherAlso Known As:  Victoria California Claflin, Victoria Woodhull Martin, Wicked Woodhull, Mrs. SatanBorn:  September 23, 1838 in Homer, OhioParents: Roxanna Claflin and Reuben Buck ClaflinDied:  June 9, 1927 in Bredon’s Norton,  Worcestershire, EnglandSpouse(s): Canning Woodhull, Colonel James Harvey Blood, John Biddulph MartinChildren: Byron Woodhull, Zulu (later Zula), Maude WoodhullNotable Quote: Of all the horrid brutalities of our age, I know of none so horrid as those that are sanctioned and defended by marriage. Early Life Victoria Claflin was born into the poor and eccentric family of Roxanna and Reuben Buck Claflin as the seventh of 10 children on September 23, 1838. Her mother often attended religious revivals and believed herself to be clairvoyant. The family traveled around selling patent medicines and telling fortunes, with the father styling himself Dr. R. B. Claflin, American King of Cancers. Victoria spent her childhood with this medicine show, often paired with her younger sister Tennessee in performing and telling fortunes. First Marriage Victoria met Canning Woodhull when she was 15 and they soon married. Canning also styled himself as a physician, at a time when licensing requirements were non-existent or loose. Canning Woodhull, like Victorias father, sold patent medicines. They had a son Byron, who was born with serious intellectual disabilities, which Victoria blamed on her husbands drinking. Victoria moved to San Francisco and worked as an actress and cigar girl. She later rejoined her husband in New York City, where the rest of the Claflin family was living, and Victoria and her sister Tennessee began practicing as mediums. In 1864, the Woodhulls and Tennessee moved to Cincinnati, then to Chicago, and then began traveling, keeping ahead of complaints and legal proceedings. Victoria and Canning later had a second child, a daughter Zulu (later known as Zula). Over time, Victoria grew less tolerant of her husbands drinking, womanizing, and occasional beatings. They divorced in 1864, with Victoria keeping her ex-husbands surname. Spiritualism and Free Love Likely during her troubled first marriage, Victoria Woodhull became an advocate of free love, the idea that a person has the right to stay with a person as long as they choose, and that they can choose another (monogamous) relationship when they want to move on. She met Colonel James Harvey Blood, also a spiritualist and an advocate of free love. They are said to have married in 1866, though there are no records of this marriage. Victoria Woodhull, Captain Blood, Victorias sister Tennessee, and their mother eventually moved to New York City. In New York City, Victoria established a popular salon where many of the citys intellectual elite gathered. There she became acquainted with Stephen Pearl Andrews, an advocate of free love, spiritualism, and womens rights. Congressman Benjamin F. Butler was another acquaintance and advocate of womens rights and free love. Through her salon, Victoria became increasingly interested in womens rights and suffrage. Womens Suffrage Movement In January 1871, the National Woman Suffrage Association met in Washington, D.C. On January 11, Victoria Woodhull arranged to testify before the House Judiciary Committee on the topic of womens suffrage, and the NWSA convention was postponed a day so that those attending could see Woodhull testifying. Her speech was written with Rep. Benjamin Butler of Massachusetts and made the case that women already had the right to vote based on the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The NWSA leadership then invited Woodhull to address their gathering. The leadership of the NWSA- which included Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, and Isabella Beecher Hooker- was so taken with the speech that they began promoting Woodhull as an advocate and speaker for womens suffrage. Theodore Tilton was a supporter and officer of the NWSA and also a close friend of one of Woodhulls critics, Reverend Henry Ward Beecher. Elizabeth Cady Stanton told Victoria Woodhull confidentially that Tiltons wife Elizabeth had been involved in an affair with the Reverend Beecher. When Beecher refused to introduce Woodhull at a November 1871 lecture at Steinway Halls, she visited him privately and reportedly confronted him about his affair. Still, he refused to do the honors at her lecture. In her speech the next day, she referred indirectly to the affair as an example of sexual hypocrisy and double standards. Because of the scandal this caused, Woodhull lost a significant amount of business, though her lectures were still in demand. She and her family had trouble paying their bills,  however, and were eventually evicted from their home. Presidential Candidacy In May 1872, a breakaway group from the NWSA- the National Radical Reformers- nominated Woodhull as a candidate for U.S. president of the Equal Rights Party. They nominated Frederick Douglass, a newspaper editor, former slave, and abolitionist, as vice president. Theres no record that Douglass accepted the nomination. Susan B. Anthony opposed the nomination of Woodhull, while Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Isabella Beecher Hooker supported her run for the presidency. Beecher Scandal Woodhull continued to have significant financial problems, even suspending her journal for a few months. Perhaps responding to continued denunciations of her moral character, on November 2, just before Election Day, Woodhull revealed specifics of the Beecher/Tilton affair in a speech and published an account of the affair in the resumed Weekly. She also published a story about a stockbroker, Luther Challis, and his seduction of young women. Her target was not the morality of the sexual affairs, but the hypocrisy that permitted powerful men to be sexually free while women were denied such freedom. The reaction to the public revelation of the Beecher/Tilton affair was a great public outcry. Woodhull was arrested under the Comstock Law for distribution of obscene material through the mail and charged with libel. In the meantime, the presidential election was held, and Woodhull received no official votes. (Some scattered votes for her were likely not reported.) In 1877, after the scandal had subsided, Tennessee, Victoria, and their mother moved to England, where they lived comfortably. Life in England In England, Woodhull met wealthy banker John Biddulph Martin, who proposed to her. They did not marry until 1882, apparently because of his familys opposition to the match, and she worked to distance herself from her former radical ideas on sex and love. Woodhull used her new married name, Victoria Woodhull Martin, in her writings and public appearances after her marriage. Tennessee married Lord Francis Cook in 1885. Victoria published Stirpiculture, or the Scientific Propagation of the Human Race in 1888; with Tennessee, The Human Body, the Temple of God in 1890; and in 1892, Humanitarian Money: The Unsolved Riddle. Woodhull traveled to the United States occasionally and was nominated in 1892 as the presidential candidate of the Humanitarian Party. England remained her primary residence. In 1895, she returned to publishing with a new paper, The Humanitarian, which advocated eugenics. In this venture, she worked with her daughter Zulu Maude Woodhull. Woodhull also founded a school and an agricultural show and became involved in a number of humanitarian causes. John Martin died in March 1897, and Victoria did not remarry. Death In her later years, Woodhull became involved in the womens suffrage campaigns led by the Pankhursts. She died on June 9, 1927, in England. Legacy Though she was considered controversial in her time, Woodhull has come to be widely admired for her trailblazing efforts to secure rights for women. Two womens rights organizations- the Woodhull Insititute for Ethical Leadership and the Woodhull Sexual Freedom Alliance- were named in her honor, and in 2001 Woodhull was added to the National Womens Hall of Fame. Sources Gabriel, Mary.  Notorious Victoria: The Life of Victoria Woodhull, Uncensored. Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 1998.Goldsmith, Barbara.  Other Powers: The Age of Suffrage, Spiritualism, and the Scandalous Victoria Woodhull. Granta, 1998.Underhill, Lois Beachy.  The Woman Who Ran for President: The Many Lives of Victoria Woodhull. Penguin, 1996.

High school graduation student commencement speech Essay - 1

High school graduation student commencement speech - Essay Example Does it really matter whether you realized your dream even after sleeping it all? Not at all, do not be caught unawares but go for what you desire. There is nothing more important that planning for the futures’ uncertainty. Time to act is today so act today leap tomorrow. You are the only person you will spend most of your life with, not your spouse or guardian, prepare your joy, hate yourself and you will spend a lifetime with yourself as your own enemy. I will echo what most prominent people have been telling you and again, it is very challenging to remain alive and conscious in the wider world in our daily routines. The most curious and great truth in an individual’s experience is no other but that selflessness becomes the best reward you can grant your personality. Get the full experience and give it your full attention by doing each thing at its own and appropriate time. Note, I am not a prophet but I urge you to desist from distraction from sounds or sights, tasks and thoughts, instead, redirect your consciousness to the initial activity. Your frustrations must always meet the scales of a high threshold, fight on. When you want anything gather determination, don’t stop knocking on all necessary does even way after your knuckles bleed. Let them slam doors in your faces. Keep the smile high above your head. I does not matter where you fell or when but what caused it and how you plan to recover. Stand up shake off that dust and knock once more. That is the only way man will beat the odds in this life. Stay true to your passion and yourself, define your path and avoid those drafted for you by others, it is your life. Action is my word for the day. Choose either to be tagged as circumstance’s passive victim or an active hero to yourself. Had I not shed a tear of joy before I got here this morning, I would shed it again here. It has come the time that I cannot avoid any longer; I am now expected to

Barefoot Running vs Traditional Running, The Pros and Cons Research Paper

Barefoot Running vs Traditional Running, The Pros and Cons - Research Paper Example While some dismiss the growing trend of barefoot running as a mere fad, some believe it will be a new wave in the history of sports. Innumerable debates have ensued in popular media over which one, barefoot running or shod running, is better, more beneficial and safer. However, scientific evidence is not yet enough to settle the debate. A lot of research has gone into analyzing the biomechanics, impact characteristics, etc of traditional and barefoot running and based on the findings of these studies, the pros and cons of both types of running have been weighed. The use of cushioned and protective footwear for running began in the 1970s with the invention of modern running shoes (Lieberman et al. 531). Prior to this invention, humans ran with none or minimal footwear. Human ancestors used simple and minimal foot coverings such as moccasins made of leather (Jenkins and Cauthon 231). Earlier dogmas claim that human feet are â€Å"evolutionarily unsuccessful† and that they are fr agile because of which protective cushioning for the feet is vital (Jenkins and Cauthon 231). However, this dogma was refuted by a study in Nature, which argues that human ancestors, who practiced barefoot running, were remarkably good at endurance running and that it may have been â€Å"instrumental in the evolution of the human body form† (Bramble and Lieberman 345). ... As most of the present research on this subject is yet inconclusive and is still in progress, it cannot be ascertained as to whether barefoot running is better than shod running, but the pros and cons can however be weighed based on currently available evidence. I. Pros of Barefoot Running vs. Traditional Running A. Less susceptibility to injury in barefoot running The surging interest in barefoot running has been largely because the rates of running-related injuries are high amongst shod runners as compared to barefoot runners (Robillard 13; Edwards, Foster and Wallack 150). Kerrigan et al. (2009) have shown that the hip, knee and ankle joints are more prone to injury in shod runners than in barefoot runners, making them more susceptible to disorders such as knee osteoarthritis. In another study, Hamill et al. (2011) found that the footfall patterns in shod running and barefoot running are different, and therefore, the impact patterns of the two types of running vary from one anothe r. The differences in impact patterns are responsible for varying extents of injury caused by both types of running. Robbins and Hanna have also shown that barefoot running populations report an extremely low frequency of running related injury (148). They further state that the human foot has developed adaptations that result in shock absorption and these adaptations are non-functional in traditional running. Many other studies such as those by Warburton have found that barefoot running is associated with a significantly low rate of acute ankle injuries and chronic lower leg injuries. Scientific data as to the level of protection of athletic

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Free essay Essay ‘It may be hard for an egg to turn into a bird: it would be a jolly sight harder for it to learn to fly while remaining an egg. We are like eggs at present. And you cannot go on indefinitely being just an ordinary, decent egg. We must be hatched or go bad.’ C. S. Lewis. Lewis’s hypothetical situation raises questions on how a person, the bird he is metaphorically referring to, must undergo a change to be able to advance through life. The characters in Tim Winton’s Cloudstreet must too experience this change in order to heal wounds and rekindle old relationships. The ways in which stability and change are explored by Winton in the novel that I will be discussing in my essay are, Cloudstreet represents both stability and change in the novel through the house being personified, tension and change are revealed through juxtaposition and resolution between Dolly and Rose, and the relationship between Oriel and Fish explores tension through the innate nature of each character. Before I begin my deconstruction of Cloudstreet I would like to explicitly address the aspects of context, reception, and values behind Tim Winton’s Cloudstreet. Cloudstreet was written while Winton was travelling through Europe away from his home in Perth, and so the novel develops a sense of reminiscence or ‘nostalgia’, as referred to by Michael McGirr, towards Winton’s romanticized home. Cloudstreet was writte n economic hardship and recession as well as a time around Aboriginal rights changing. The context in which the novel was written is important as it is reflected throughout the novel by a nostalgic tone and themes of reconciliation and hardship. Tim Winton’s Cloudstreet was the recipient of the prestigious Miles Franklin Literary Award in 1992, and since has become a well studied Australian novel by schools and scholars such as Michael McGirr and Yvonne Miels. The values explored in Cloudstreet allow the novel to be well received by a wide audience.

Parallel in events of 1692 in Salem and McCarthy Investigation of 1950s in America :: essays research papers

‘The Crucible’ is written about the witchcraft trials in Salem in 1692, it is a story full of many emotional themes, these are fear, redemption, hysteria and a choice between what is believed to be good and bad. In 1692, Puritans in Salem were in a period of suspicion and fear. People were making accusations of people conducting witchcraft due to a group of people seen dancing in the woods, this is seen as worship to the devil. These witch hunts destroyed the innocent and corrupted the accusers, the law made it impossible to find justice. In 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy had a frenzied leadership in America. It all started when he claimed that there were many avowed Communist in the American government. There was no proof, but anyone who criticised McCarthy’s claims were accused of being communists themselves, people were claimed to be ’Communist Sympathisers’ and were put on trial and even executed, even those who escaped death or prison were blacklisted and their whole lives were ruined socially and through their careers, this was known as the period of McCarthyism. The events in 1692 and 1950 are very similar because they both involve similar effects upon people. They create fear and redemption, a fight for what is right and what your conscience tells you. In 1692, people were being wrongly accused of witchcraft, they were put on trial and executed, this is exactly the same as the events in 1950, people were being accused of communism, they were also put on trial and executed. In Salem it was due to the girls dancing in the woods and being accused of worshiping the devil, in America in 1950 it was due to the accusations of Senator Joseph McCarthy, which he could not prove. Miller could not criticise Senator McCarthy at the time of his power as the atmosphere at the time was such that he would certainly have been charged as a Communist, so he decided he would write about the Salem witch trials in the 17th century, it shows how the trials in Salem were very similar to the McCarthy period, it was even referred to as a ‘witch hunt’ by critics. In both periods there was a varied atmosphere of fear, redemption, hysteria, terror and shear brutality. But no matter if there were Communists in America in 1950, no matter if there were witches in Salem in the 1600’s, the search for both cause destruction to the lives of the innocent and corruption to the accusers.

George Washington Proclamation Of Neutrality

Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality George Washington's decision to announce a policy of neutrality benefited the e nation because it protected them from foreign enemies and it prevented riots and in correction between political parties. The proclamation of neutrality, issued in 1 793, was published to Stay neutral between the French and British during their war and became the foundation f American policy toward Europe until the twentieth century.Both American political parties ink ewe that they were too weak to get involved in a war and too dependent on British trade. They gag reed that the United States could bankrupt the federal government if they entered the con flick. This policy of neutrality prevented the nation from being too attached to another, as stated in Washington's Farewell Address, â€Å"so likewise, a passionate attachment Of one nation for anon her produces a variety of evils. This decision also prevented the United States from creating enemies with the opposin g nation. Washington also wanted to announce a policy of neutrality b teen political parties. He states in the Farewell Address, â€Å"It agitates the community with LIFO ended jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection.It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption, which find s a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels of party passions. Thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another†¦ † This pass age explains how the dispute between the political parties will create riots between the people. Washington's decision to announce a policy of neutrality benefited the nation in numerous ways.

Audrey Hepburn and Personality Theories

Audrey Hepburn and Her Personality Theories Psy/300 Audrey Hepburn and Her Personality Theories Audrey Hepburn was born in 1929 in Brussels Belgium during a time of economic hardship and personal strife. Her life took an amazing twist from her once food deprived, fatherless, war frenzied, childhood and adolescent years by becoming a 20th century icon. She withheld perseverance for life that drove her into the Land of the Free and ironically into the luxurious world of film-making by becoming one of the most wanted actresses in Hollywood.Through her trials, tribulations, heredity and the surrounding environments this paper will explain how they contributed to molding her personality and what made her such a unique individual. Audrey had very little emotional support or family influence as a child. Her father left her, bother and mother when she was six years of age. Her mother was forced to raise two children on her own in a time of war with ample ways in which to concentrate on emoti onal ties or even fundamental ways to nurture the children. Audrey once quoted that after her father left that she was â€Å"devastated and had no one left to cuddle with. (Flonder, 1998) Being that it was such a difficult time in history Audrey and the influences around her where forced to work harder than the average person does in a life time. She was raised morally by her Mother in that they worked hard for what they needed in order to survive. Once the war was over her and her family even made geographical moves in order prosper and achieve their goals. It was also documented that during the war she was a messenger for her allies against the enemies reflecting that she was culturally influenced at an early age to fight for those that she trusted and believed in.Although there was opportunity to steal and pillage her and her, family and friends went so hungry at times that â€Å"they ate tulip bulbs in order to stay alive. † (Flonder, 1998) There are several theories in the study of psychology that suggest how a personality is formed and what creates it’s unique characteristics in which drive a person to act a particular way in certain environments and while interacting with others. In Audrey Hepburn’s case the Objective Relation Theory and the infamous Sigmund Freud theory of Psycho-dynamic best fit her characteristics and actions by what is recorded of her life history and personal quotes.Objective Relation Theorist focus on the ways in which people cope with their feelings (defenses) and adapt to reality while trying to fulfill their needs (ego-centric). (Kowalski & Weston, 2011) It also suggests that people whom develop their personality in this way by environment and life events have an extreme inability to trust relationships. It is a progressive movement toward a more mature relatedness to others. (Kowalski & Weston, 2011) The personality of Audrey Hepburn is reflected in this theory in several ways.Her two divorces might have stemmed from the desertion of her father or the result the enemies and horrors that she encountered during the war. The two divorces suggest signs of maladaptive interpersonal problems by having conflicts with others. The two divorces may also be the way that she coped with not having trust for the men in her life and a short lived childhood. She once mentioned that she had â€Å"very little youth, few friends in the usual teenage way and no security. Is it no wonder I became an interior sort of person? I think I was older in those days than I am now. (Flonder, 1998) As mentioned above the Objective Relation Theory also focuses on a person’s ego or how much one thinks of oneself. Audrey was a very giving person in the literal sense. She was said to be a fantastic mother of two boys and quoted â€Å"all that I ever really wanted to be was a mother†. (Flonder, 1998) As a way to pay it forward to those that helped feed her during the war she also gave tirelessly to child ren of other countries by becoming the Ambassador to the United Nations International Children’s Fund. Therefore, she could give to others effortlessly although she suffered from signs of ego-centrism and self- preoccupation.With the events of her past she yearned to be loved and even with great success by the worlds view as an Academy Award winner she continued to search for the truth behind true internal happiness. The Psycho-dynamic Theory concludes that people are motivated by wishes and fears which Audrey had many of and displayed openly that they both drove her in many ways. She actually changed her name to Audrey as to not face the name of her past as well as by wishing for a better life with her new identity. Audrey quoted â€Å"Edna had been through enough already. † (Flonder, 1998) This theory also places emphasis on how ne’s personality takes formation during early development and is highly affected by the role of their parents. (Burton & Davey, 2006) Audrey clearly had an early physical and loving attachment to her father to state that â€Å"she had no one to cuddle with† once he was gone. (Flonder, 1998) Without this early attachment achieved her recognition of autonomy and self conscious freedom would have been meaningless. (Kowalski & Weston 2011) At this early stage of her development with her father she was able to form such strong desires to love and care for her children beyond what her Mother could honestly provide.She also showed a strong desire to have close harmonious connections by being very socially active as well as caring for those in needs. As well, in her latter stages of life she did eventually fall in love and stay in a committed relationship up until her death in 1993. (Flonder, 1998) In all, the Psycho-dynamic Theory best describes the personality of Audrey Hepburn. Although she faced many challenges during her life in the face of adversity through the progression of her life she did overcome them i n healthy ways.And although the desertion of her father left her unable to trust and searching for love she was able to form some loving bonds with people throughout her life. To support this theory as well one of her most famous quotes is â€Å"people need to be loved, restored and redeemed. Never throw out anyone. † (Erwin & Diamond, 2006 ) Audrey Hepburn had a multifaceted personality due to the relationships that she had as child and established during adolescent but she stayed true to her morals and was striven for answers that would improve her as to overcome her past.She appeared to be kind and loving towards the people that meant the most to her in her life. Those that encounter her briefly also suggest that she was a â€Å"giving and elegant spirit† (Erwin & Diamond, 2006 ) simply working towards a better life for herself and mankind. References Kowalski, R. & Weston, D. (2011). Psychology (6th ed. ) Hoboken, NJ: Whiley. 2004 Flonder, P. Biography. The Immorta l Audrey Hepburn Aug98, Vol. 2 Issue 8, p46. 8p. 19 Larsson, P. Counseling Psychology Review, Vol. 27, No. 1, March 2012 Erwin, E. , & Diamond, J. (2006). The Audrey Hepburn Treasures . New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, inc..

Free Essays on Chicken Or The Egg

Which came first, Chicken? Or Egg? The answer is that this is the wrong question. The trouble here is the word ‘First’s. A human life contains many firsts, so the word comes easily to our lips. For example, a creationist could ask how the metamorphosis of a butterfly occurred for the ‘First time’. French is called a Romance language because it is descended from Roman, or to be more specific, Classical Latin. Across the last 2,000 years, the language changed piece by piece, a word or emphasis at a time. Documents from many of the centuries between, are written in a language somewhere between the two, not quite Latin, yet not quite French. So who was the first person to speak French? I think its plain to see that this was a very gradual evolution of the language. There was not first French speaker. Was there a first chicken? Some say there was. But Darwin suggests that species evolve slowly, over time. So imagine a lizard, which laid a lizard egg. Millions of years later, its descendant was a chicken, which lays a chicken egg. But there was no moment when chicken-ness suddenly leapt into existence. Similarly, there was no first land animal, no first lung, and no first skeleton. Current scientific beliefs say that all of these came bit by bit. In short, if a species was created abruptly, then a chicken-and-egg question makes sense. But if that species evolved, then there was no first chicken, and there was no first egg, the only true first was the original single celled organism that was created by a spontaneous chemical reaction in the primordial soup that was early Earth, from which all life as we know it evolved.... Free Essays on Chicken Or The Egg Free Essays on Chicken Or The Egg Which came first, Chicken? Or Egg? The answer is that this is the wrong question. The trouble here is the word ‘First’s. A human life contains many firsts, so the word comes easily to our lips. For example, a creationist could ask how the metamorphosis of a butterfly occurred for the ‘First time’. French is called a Romance language because it is descended from Roman, or to be more specific, Classical Latin. Across the last 2,000 years, the language changed piece by piece, a word or emphasis at a time. Documents from many of the centuries between, are written in a language somewhere between the two, not quite Latin, yet not quite French. So who was the first person to speak French? I think its plain to see that this was a very gradual evolution of the language. There was not first French speaker. Was there a first chicken? Some say there was. But Darwin suggests that species evolve slowly, over time. So imagine a lizard, which laid a lizard egg. Millions of years later, its descendant was a chicken, which lays a chicken egg. But there was no moment when chicken-ness suddenly leapt into existence. Similarly, there was no first land animal, no first lung, and no first skeleton. Current scientific beliefs say that all of these came bit by bit. In short, if a species was created abruptly, then a chicken-and-egg question makes sense. But if that species evolved, then there was no first chicken, and there was no first egg, the only true first was the original single celled organism that was created by a spontaneous chemical reaction in the primordial soup that was early Earth, from which all life as we know it evolved....

What Makes a Marine Ecosystem

What Makes a Marine Ecosystem An ecosystem is the collection of living and non-living things in an area, and their relationship to each other. It is how animals, plants and the environment interact together and thrive. Studying ecosystems is known as ecology. A marine ecosystem is one that occurs in or near salt water and is the kind that is studied in marine biology. (Freshwater ecosystems, on the other hand, are comprised of freshwater environments such as those in rivers or lakes. Marine biologists study those types of ecosystems as well.) Because the ocean covers 71 percent of the Earth, marine ecosystems make up a large part of our planet. They vary, but all play a valuable role in the planets health, as well as the health of humans. About Marine Ecosystems Ecosystems can vary in size, but all have parts that interact with and are dependent upon each other. Upsetting one component of an ecosystem may affect other parts. If youve ever heard of the phrase ecosystem approach, it is a type of natural resource management involving making decisions regarding the whole ecosystem, rather than various parts. This philosophy realizes that everything in an ecosystem is interconnected. This is why environmentalists and marine biologists must consider entire ecosystems even though they may focus on one creature or plant in it. Everything is tied together. Protecting Marine Ecosystems Another vital reason to study ecosystems is to protect them. Humans can have significant negative impacts on our environment that can wind up destroying ecosystems and harming human health. The  HERMIONE project, a program that monitors ecosystems, notes that certain fishing practices can harm cold-water coral reefs, for example. That is a problem because the reefs support a variety of living systems including providing a home for young fish. The reefs could also be sources of potential medicines to fight cancer, which is another reason to protect them. Human impacts are ruining the reefs, which are a vital ecosystem for humans and the environment as a whole. Knowing how they function, and how to support them prior to and after components are destroyed, is imperative to assist these ecosystems. In seagrass meadows and kelp forests, for example, robust biological diversity is key to the ecosystems. In one experiment, scientists reduced the number of seaweed species. That caused the total algal biomass to decrease, which lowered the amount of food.  When scientists decreased the species that graze on microalgae that grew on seagrass, the species ate less from areas that had fewer microalgae. As a result of that, the seagrass in those areas grew slower. It affected the entire ecosystem. Experiments like this help us learn how reducing biodiversity can be extremely harmful to sensitive ecosystems. Types of Marine Ecosystems Sandy BeachesRocky ShoresSalt MarshesCoral ReefsMangrovesDeep SeaHydrothermal Vents

Supply Chain Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Supply Chain Management - Coursework Example This paper using qualitative research method analyses the effectiveness of supply chain management on the basis of the activities and capabilities that the organizations seek from their supply chain partners. The research basically supports the argument that the effective supply chain management is dependent upon the effective operational and relational competencies of the supply chain partners. However it is also advocated that collaborative supply chain management challenges the traditional supplier-customer arrangements and changes taking place in the respective organizations largely depend on the correlation of competency of the supply chain partners and the long term relationship within the supply chain. Recommendations for the future studies are also made. A supply chain consists of all activities associated with the flow and transformation of goods and services from the raw material stage through to the end user as well as the associated information flows. Supply chain is made up of many interrelated organizations starting with raw material suppliers and including parts and components suppliers, subassembly suppliers, the product or service producer, the distribution channels, and ending with the end-use customer. 1.1 Supply Chain Management The focus of supply chain management is on managing the flow of goods and services and information through the supply chain in order to attain the level of synchronization that will make the supply chain more responsive to the customer needs and at the same time lowering the costs. Traditionally each segment of the supply chain was managed as a separate entity focused only on its goals. However in the present day competitive business environment the ability of a company to enhance its competitive strength is largely determined by the combined capabilities of all of its supply chain members. The

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Business - Essay Example (Merill Goozner, 1995), This fact revealed by the article Misunderstood or Misrepresented which is based on the Japanese culture and business ethics, reflects the integrity, kindness and the hardworking of the Japanese people, who always welcome the new customers with smiling faces at airport, at train and on the hotel as well. In fact, paying tips to the staff of the hotel and restaurant against services is the vogue of Europeans, but this vogue is not in the practices of Japanese. The services of hotel personnel are paid by the hotel not by the customer’s tips. These differences further influence the foreign investors to initiate the businesses in Japan, who prioritized the customers with full services, even the personal services also include in the duties. (Kwintessential, 2011). This is the famous phenomena of Japanese ethics, that they are more than hard working and complete and never sacrifice their work against the social or personal issues. Considering the previous trend of practices, contribution for an innovative world as well as the growing business, the experts observed and stated that there is no barrier for new entries in Japanese Market, this is only some misconception and misunderstanding for the new investors from the old investors. The communication system and leading techniques of the Japanese, capture the higher market share in international

Political Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Political - Essay Example This was addressed through graffiti picture which was presented by an artist called Walt Jabsco. It is named â€Å"occupy land† and was taken on 22nd October of 2006 through Nikon D50. The picture was drawn on the wall with some writing asking Americans to take up the land and embezzle petroleum (Buck). The image in this artwork is of a man dressed in orange jumpsuit and bowing down. The image represents a man held at United States Naval base in Cuba’s Guantanamo bay. This piece of art conveys a message in a simple way to entire world about the strategies of United States to gain economic stability. This also has a political implication in that the United States of America is presented as a nation which uses their power to oppress other weaker nations for their own benefit (Friedman). Since Cuba is an oil rich region, the America’s Presence in that region could mean nothing more than just having interest in the fuel. In conclusion, use of graffiti depicts skills of the artist to tell the world what they know and believe. Also, it helps to communicate political, social and economic ideologies (Friedman). This is a very easy and efficient method of expressing opinions and ideas. CrystalGraphics, Inc, Controversial Topics - PowerPoint PPT Presentation, (CrystalGraphics Sales, 2012), Nov.7th

Overview of Christian Religious Education Approaches

Overview of Christian Religious Education Approaches Introduction The aim of this essay is to examine the definition of Christian religious education with a view to uncover the various traditional, theological and biblical approaches and practices in local churches. It will also explore its application and impact on youth development and its failure in the light of youth violence and ungodliness. Christian religious education is defined as the process where by Christian learning takes place. It often involves teaching which enables practicing Christians to adopt and deepen their Christian belief, values and dispositions to experience and act in a Christian way. It depends to a greater extent on how this process is adopted and practiced in different churches. Different practices in Christian education in local churches At some degree of certainty that all Christian churches have a similar aims and practices. The liturgical aspect is of paramount importance in the Trinitarian belief and practices in that it serves as introduction to what Christianity is all about. This is where the process of Cognitive learning takes places it involves the worship service where hymns are sang, lessons extracted from the books of the bible are read, sermon often punctuated with exhortation, admonishment and instruction in righteous living is delivered and prayers are said. It also involves the celebration of the holy Eucharist which Jesus Christ himself, recognized as the head of the church, initiated based on experience acquired in the worship service, it can be seen as Christian religious education is a confessional churchly activity of evangelism, instruction and nurture. I assure that Youth are the most critical of all critics when it comes to religion. Today, common inhabitants do pray and accept the holiness in church for Christ which they are aware that Christ constitutes the sacred bread and wine, but do not entirely act upon worshipping and fail to confront the thoughts and feelings to masses which would spread dignity of godliness among selves. The moral lies in the fact that this creates lackness to reach spiritual beliefs through worship and liturgy resulting in declination the faith which affects the divine nature approaching positivity. Christian education is a vital important part in youth development. For Christian education to be explored, generation of today should be brought into contact through various practices. In the early centuries, reformers emphasized and trusted true faith and doctrines, to change and reform behaviour as the only solution for salvation in Christian education. Christian school movements prove a challenge as a messenger to convey gods given mission and honour god. Traditional approach This approach was practiced since many decades and is still continued to be practiced which helps in binding and governing the ethics and morality within the religion and belief. Since beginning described, in leaving our homeland to teach the gospels throughout the world through scriptures, god conveyed his message by sending his son Jesus for us, the Holy Spirit, the Holy Church, and Baptism for building unity. Christianity consists of three things Religious faith, way of life and community of mankind towards salvation are most important. The most vital of all belief preached is that there is only one god. The term Christian does not imply on the fact that a Christian should grow up in a Christian community, but precisely accepts Christian faith and belief, follows and leads the path of life on which Jesus walked on and made mankind accept Christian community through involvement and participation physically and mentally, as a result, traditional approach is how the local churches and preachers go about conducting their services. The apostles creed was apparently developed to summarize the Christian doctrine for man who baptised himself. Theological and Biblical approach This approach is regarded as an abstract discipline which teaches what bible is written. It is the study of god expressing gods thought. The movement of bible indicates the doctrines to the kerygma to didache, to theological ethics, to revealed truth, to the way of living in Christian community. Gods salvation to the world, worshipping the holy spirit, baptizing people in the name of god, preaching gospels as the word of god, share Christs own body and blood as bread and wine in holy communion, repenting and confessing gods forgiveness etc are the concepts of theological and biblical foundation to Christian education. Even though mankind is aware but fail to involve due to the increasing evil and greed. The service is organized to accept the call of god and to love him and others and which aims to gather people to worship him in return allowing him to take control over the world and through his presence spread peace, righteousness, justice, joy and helps in the growth of the life in an individual through increased faith. Activities organized and performed in different local churches through to these practices Some churches develop the initiative of the worshippers by confessing their faith in the words of the apostle creed. Each activity is correlated and composes a range of varied elements. Their current activities reflect the lives of an individual and drive them for a purpose through various numbers of activities to attain a better quality of life. Due to activities, all age group gain variety of skills through many spiritual centred activities. Church acts as an interpreter between god and the worshippers to support in training the composition of these activities which are far more complex to solve a disturbed youth. They have to thereby standardize their curriculum and activities in regards to implement it. Different denominations organize activities to resolve the aim therefore to meet the need of the youth. Curriculum should be more focused than just on providing knowledge. Activities are necessarily planned to build youth commitment. I believe it is necessary to reach them, i.e. train them to be strong future leaders. They should be kept one step ahead, for their life is very challenging. I believe that the best way to outreach youths mind is to be a youth like them to understand their psychology as it differs from every individual. The same activities do get affected as the youth is choosy and subtle. Changing activities for tomorrow Here the question is voiced that, what substantial change can be brought apart from the current activities to eradicate the above upcoming and dynamic problems in nature with respect to behavioural management or of what medication of healing would work out. I would comment, the activities in the practices should be expanded and conduct likewise programmes workshops on educating purity before marriage, sex, child abuse, exploitation, rape, adultery, adolescence sex, teenage mothers, drugs addiction, aids, and divorce. Workshops, seminars for sex, abuse, peer mentoring, identifying preventive measures instead of curative measures targeting the social, political and the economical factors would be effective for incorporating the overall issues to bring the insight of the good and evil sides of every consequence, discussion on essential real life skills. Our goal is to create world changers, inviting the sacrifiers of evil and giving and sharing healthy priorities to save ourselves and the world, before it becomes a terrible fate and a debt for our own selves. As the world is in unsafe fists of crime, terrorism, corruption, violence, youth have been diverted to a fast-paced and expects instant opportunities. Perhaps, the approaches of these local activities tend to be helpful and may bring positive results but I still feel that there is something missing, to monitor the youth from within. In an article Practical: The Role of the Full-Time Youth Pastor in the Local Church, by Graeme Codrington, Denomination: Baptist (All), submitted on, May 18, 1997, states that, In a world that is so busy, and demands so much of all of its inhabitants, young people need a secure environment, where they can experiment and decide who they want to be. They need significant people to be there to help them through this process. They need role models to follow. Above statement eventually satisfies the fact that these folks are craving for friendly support socially and for stimulation. Overall factors which conglomerate are peers, parents, teachers, church members and Christian community. All factors rely on one common feature which constitutes leadership. Ironically, most youth do understand the surrounding factors but the factors themselves become tough unknowingly that they cant quite control the situation which then becomes too late to recover. The task is questioned commonly as what kind of leader a person should be to prove creditability and capability to influence the youth to pursue the direction towards god? In an article again stated by, Graeme Codrington, Denomination: Baptist (All), Practical: The Role of the Full-Time Youth Pastor in the Local Church, submitted on, May 18, 1997, Young people are not just little adults (cf. Elkind 1984:18). They are complex individuals who are battling to deal with the awesome transformation of their bodies, minds, and emotions. They are in a time of transition and growth, developing from the birthed bundle of potential to a fully integrated, functional member of society. The church is in a unique position to assist in this process. Church as a role model fosters spiritual growth in every youth making them responsible to participate in Christian faith; she is a sign for an entrance of the gods kingdom to the world of salvation, repentance, justice and peace to bring equality. She struggles hard and performs her duties wholly and solemnly reminds parents to structure their offsprings life in Christian formation. Church members acting as supporters, preach to establish and to promote a platform and share to encourage several types of civic, cultural, religious educational associations. In an article by Arthur Paul Boer What must a Pastor know? Reflection on Congregational studies defines on writer James Hopewells statement saying beyond the embarrassment. He has also observed that churches are sometimes chagrined by the change of hypocrisy and lament that they cannot measure upto ideals of Christian community. Writer James Hopewell referred by Arthur Paul Boer notes that Christian leaders are incharge and build a church thereby rise in hypocrites. I observe practically that, though the world is changing, church strategy is also changing in complementing the growth. It still targets the set mission. Even though, somewhere in the corner hypocrites do exist but church leaders aim to find out what is the outcome in the people from the traditional, theological and biblical practices. Perhaps according my research, I suggest they experiment bringing out good approaches to youths growth. Instead of the current activities followed in churches I would want to suggest the approach can be focused to bring in the outcome irrespective to exploration and innovation of ideas and thoughts for internal and external behaviour of an individual related to the surroundings around him, deepening of commitments to the teaching, provide opportunities to analyse socially and theologically and viewing his life in a theological manner. To build a framework of an activity consist of to have an experience like us, to sense new boundaries by exploring new links to every Christian among themselves and to god across social and cultural boundaries. In addition, exploration and inventive programmes can be executed to judge youths spirituality. Daily opportunities resulting in disorientation gets support through mission of god. Integration conceptual activities also can help in building and to capture a born leader. Church leader serves them as task leaders in the corrosion and freeing the task of a disconnected mind by planning tactics and dividing the burden of others through consultation. As the purpose is commitment, to serve the lost, skill based leadership formation training programmes can be organized to develop an effective leader so as to sustain the capability and capacity of the leader to solve the complaints lies in the dimensions of the ability. Workshops on intersections to shape boundaries of an individual and communities through theological and biblical language, symbols, and rituals to attain certain centered objectives. As growth of globalization is tremendous, these leaders come across and face new opportunities and challenges. I believe they help in building an integral performance in conducting entrepreneurial business-based activities, describing the activities because youths mind is business-oriented, therefore the activities are to be structured keeping business in mind involving biblical and theological approaches with the existing resources for a business oriented youth. They tend to produce facilitate management sources to sustain and develop faith and love. When the youth develops a church from within, he will be able to observe and analyse the holistic environment. The activities require presence of not only church members but also worshippers for youth development in successful implementation of these practices. Some worshippers form in small groups, some large varied to race culture. Arthur Paul Boer also examines simultaneously that when a group of pastors were having service of congregation, one among them exclaimed in deep breath It showed me Im not alone. So often in our churches we berate ourselves for problems we face: not enough men, too few youth, preponderance of a certain race or culture. He is clear with the fact that a single person fails, unity increases strength. We ourselves give birth to a problem and then strive hard to face it because as there are few leaders left to catch a grip to support a large community. Due to less number of youth, less support is achieved to sustain the laws and policies of the church and unable to accomplish gods mission. It is not only one who contributes but many. Above mentioned statement It showe d me Im not alone expresses that each race and culture form their own group; build small churches for their own community within their own boundaries, where god expects togetherness, wholeness. It requires lot of efforts to help small churches grow whereas large church with mass contribution grows as their already exist efforts in large numbers which take over the chained actions for development. Whether single church group or many, big or small, the development is important. On this contradiction, I would suggest that this also includes that in small group the development is paid more attention and given a close eye, problems are spotted quickly and easily to meet the challenges. No matter how large or small challenges occur, the way we approach it is unique and comprehensive as this brings out effects of development in the youth. Whereas in large it becomes difficult to assist as there are more than one individuals. Due to small groups according to races and culture, differentiation exists. But the important criterion is group commitment and work effort in all sets of practice for congregations in any race or culture for a healthy youth so that to accomplish gods mission. As a result both objectives are co-related to each other. To understand the nature of Christian youth it is a very distinguished and a unique phenomenon. Due to the increasing issues of peer pressure, this has led to the obstruction in the development of youth. There are negative as well as positive aspects of it. Negative aspects influence a weaker mind. It is the most consistent findings revealed in observation. Due to the inquisitive innocence, an innocent becomes a prey of the negative aspect, thereby exploited and develops an evil companionship where he adopts negative qualities and habits. But there is positive aspects as in there are some groups who work towards peer relationship. Here innocent gets an opportunity to identify his fear, weakness and have control over his own power. The peer mentors play the part in organizing programmes to understand the behaviour. They interact with the teens and open lines of communication, build up action plans to change the behaviour by using the discipline skills wherever necessary. As church mem bers play an integrate role, it is a challenge for them to develop the youth and make Christian education reachable to them. Teachers are responsible preachers. Youth growth depends on a teacher infact they are the true facilitators of our learning, are Baptist figures and true authors of an individuals life book. They also act as the resource developer and planner setting the curriculum for the healthy growth of an individual, depending how the curriculum is designed with the kind and level of leadership skills to recognize the youth psychology. Parents play a significant role in Christian education. They are the promising leaders which shape up Christianity, infact are the real teachers of Christian education. Parents act as a moral standard and support, therefore can synchronize to their growing youth to be aware from their early hood to gain knowledge in Christian faith and this is done when they themselves too experience a fullness of church. Misunderstandings and miscommunication between parents and their children are one of the issues which follow breakings in the development of the youth. Due to parents own principles, for respect and love of family values often creates harmness to the childrens growth which tempts them to behave against them. Thus youth becomes a totalitarian of his own life by going against the values and ethics and unknowingly gets stucked in the torturous situations. Most Christian youth, fail to act upon the 10 commandments of bible. must say, I myself as a youth in my real life experience have observed that the originality of the commandments has changed excessively and replaced with the following: Thou must worship money Thou must lyrically murder Thou must have evil possession Thou must have sex Thou must enjoy drug addiction Thou must prosper, worship own self Thou must not feel guilty Thou must have no respect for ancestral values Thou must not serve, sacrifice Thou must differentiate Due to the above, youth fails to feel guilty in which guiltness is a part of our conscience creating a false belief system as an obstacle in his maturity and creating structure of his own. Under such circumstances he avoids promoting prayer, sacrifice, grace, redemption, worship and meditation, atonement. Considering money and sex are the only two things reliable to satisfy the needs, creating a limitation and a boundary for establishing personal spiritual growth and development. In general terms, when the efforts of religious and educational institutions, society lack to perform the planned task for Christian education, a positive approach is expected and constructed to gain knowledge and teaching through parents and teachers. Youth must be aware of guiltiness which is a gift from god to help us in being and doing well. Still the question is raised in a Journal: Volume 5 Number 4, October 2003 by Author Charlene Tan, Can Christian teachers and parents teach Christian beliefs without indoctrinating their students and children? Yes, they can teach Christian beliefs without indoctrinating their students and children they need to be careful when a child is to be handled as their minds are immature. At times it is difficult to understand them because their way of thinking is varied. Firstly before going to the next process, the first process has to be resolved. As teachers and parents are the role models for the development. In order to develop and understand these three role models should be systematically developed first. Only by abiding this rule, they can achieve the development in child. But the point lies beneath that how teachers and parents can prove themselves as an effective source of development by keeping in mind the relative factor of Childs mind compatibility and psychology? As there are variations in psychological behavior teachers and parents should be mentally prepared, be changeable and adjustment oriented accordingly. The political and current affair of the nation is affected by corruption and evilness rationally which gave birth to vivid factors like jealousy, modesty and so on, making humans built a tendency to mislead the positive factors. The situations have made the teachers adapt those inequalities within them, affecting the surrounding factors. Parents have too due to their increasing self priority created barriers of understanding among their families. Many people are often drawn towards the attention of the church because of their felt needs and not for spiritual needs. For instance, it does occur that why the youth is tuned out of his own way? Even in their interaction with their own members it tends to happen with them that they fail to hear a word said to them stating I didnt hear a word you said?, even though it is obvious that they have said something relating to us. This proves a kind of negligence in contacting the positive mechanism which grows in the back of our minds. Such system blocks all the wanted and useful messages allowing us to hear and see only what our mind tells us to hear and believe. As this tendency is increased in the youth generation, it is creating gaps between a believer and faith of god. The question is How? How can we overcome this problem? Youth have themselves developed a capacity in mind to hear only what pleasures them without taking a decision that whether it is false or truth. My query is How we can bring these groups of youth closer to god? Unconsciously resulting in unexpected calamities and unknowingly they are unable to repent it wisely. Due to this increasing factor, youth cant get a grip of effective communication and develop themselves internally. Here the parents then enter the scene to play their role. The main question lies whether the local churches fulfill and meet to mature disciples in Christian education? As stated above, youth are the most critical of all critics when it comes to religion. In this modern era, youth is distracted to church because they are building castles in air due to the unmaterialistic desire. Youth today have focused their vision to crave success and prosperity for their rising life graph; they exploit their own ones due to greed and selfishness. During the primary phase of struggle and hard work, youth craves to achieve prosperity, at the same time, do thank god and accept his involvement for success, but hand in hand, lack to follow the bibles ethics which says to respect others in and with unity. Due to the competition and growth politically, more often youth seem to push the fellow mates and strive to takeover their place. They themselves are unaware that they give birth to exploitation and inequality. And due to inequality, unity is declined, wherein bible does not specify inequality. In a book source, Pastor Rick Warren illustrates in his book The Purpos e-Driven Church -The issue is church health, not church growth! declares warren. if your church is healthy, growth will occur naturally. Healthy consistent growth is the result of balancing the five biblical purposes of the church. In addition to this he also declares that If u concentrate on building people, God will build the church. I agree at a certain point with the above statement. I herewith would want to magnify on How would one build a healthy youth for a healthy church? In this sense I believe that both are co-related with each other. Again the issue arises in my mind How will the church be healthy if the youth is unhealthy? The issue cant be only concentrated on church. For a church to survive, the basic foundation is the youth and for the youth to be saved and attracted the church has to be healthy. In my knowledge it is a Vicious Circle. Local churches upto some extent do specifically fulfill the discipleship through the practices and play a great emphasis in fulfilling and conveying the message of god to us, but still lack to read the minds and bring the youth closer to her, for which she has to upgrade her atmospheric appearance with new packages to reach the youth in a new taste due to the competitive modernism which is hovering on the youth. The latter part can play the best part coz when first falls in place, everything else falls in place, from the beginning to the end, from all angles in all walks of life. Towards a healthy faith, healthy church can turn and seed a growth of spirituality through which mankind will grow spiritually from within thereby causing church growth. Author Perry G. Down states in his book Teaching for spiritual growth that how can we best enable Christians to grow towards maturity? For this question he suggests three key concepts- ministry, believer, and purpose. But my understanding says that these concepts are incomplete somewhere to create a bond in reaching the results because todays youth is attracted towards the unrealistic worldly matters, but has resulted in declination towards the gods spiritual growth. The major role connecting these three concepts is commitment and effort. As the church ministry is the foundation pillar, the main aim is how much measure of commitment is valued and given to achieve the target successfully. Mankind is able to commit only when he chooses the right direction in fear and is able but this is unfortunate as the alien world tend to let us unidentify the type of strategies of growth for maturity. By identifying the type of strategies of growth, we can understand the level of growth required t owards maturity at which we can be spiritual. Another reason for in growth is fear. As the youth fears to face unexpected problems, the efforts are less and require the hierarchys support. Author Gary C. Newton stated in his book Going towards spiritual maturity quotes the principle that God is ultimately responsible for all spiritual growth. The question arises at this point that if god is responsible for everything, what will be the purpose and role of human? I comment that while god supplies the resources like bible, church, Holy Spirit, baptism, it is also our responsibility to supply effort and commitment to utilize those resources and give results to god. In bible, Paul highlights this principle of his personal lifestyle and in his teachings comparing with the example of a soldier or athlete to illustrate the amount of sincerity and efforts. (1 Corinthians 9:24-27), Paul states that In a race all the runners run, but only one gets the prize. I herewith conclude in a Christian race all runners (ministry, believers, purpose) will fail to get a prize if there is no effort that is commitment from everyone. Along with the concept of ministry, believer, purpose; effort is also the key concept and it has to be achieved from the youth as well. A healthy youth will gain efforts only when the growth will favour them from within, when the forces of the ministry believers and youth will collide with each other to form a healthy growth. This will create a mutual relationship between gods provisional resources and our active involvement in process which is more clearly in Philippians 2:12-13: Continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling, for it is god who works in you to will and to act according to his good purpose. This principle is intricate but the application is clear. If one is to grow towards maturity in Christ then one must cultivate and demonstrate the efforts with passion, Philippians 2:17-18: But even if I am being poured out like a drink offering on the sacrifice and service coming from your faith, I am glad and rejoice with all of you. So you be glad and rejoice with me. Therefore the conclusion lies in the above concept, both; effort of the youth along with the work of ministry, believers proves in the healthiness of the church. In the book Youth At Risk by Peter Christian Olsen, 2003, he highlights four basic needs which he has clearly created an awareness of the effects that affects the development of youth: Acceptance belonging New beginnings and second chances forgiveness Significance generosity Freedom independence I agree with his confirmation that he examines in deriving the above developmental needs from the provision of the Almightys resources as the absence of these needs do intentionally contribute in how they shape the personality, maturity, responsibility and stability of emotions. He emphasizes Christian community in respond to the needs determining that, the resources will be polishing youth through support during the fear and avoid them from destruction. At times the concepts will be foreign, indigestive for youth because unable to realize its importance. Rather the community need not re-interpret or change the language but simplify their thoughts and improve their visionary and understanding by change in structure through a friendly communication by becoming an effective leader to bridge the gap between the church and the youth. Therefore forces and efforts are needed for decision making which is an effective key in respond to ministry believer and purpose for a possibility of a hea lthy youth to build a healthy church, which will make the church flourish. Supporting surveys According to a survey, some findings proved that church fails to answer every question of the youth. Q.1 In what way and sense is Christian religion, faith and church viewed by todays modern youth? Youth of todays modern era is firm on the point stating that inspiration is lacked in religion; they feel that the world is divided through religion and is the major factor which is affecting the growth. A 17-year-old Jude from Kent says confidently that He does not agree with the church who talks on subject morality and is Overfilled with traditionality. Youth pick their ideas which suit their taste through various religious beliefs. There are few in bunch who strongly believe, there exist only single religion which has controlled the truth. Young generation refer to perform all activities as per their own desire which in return less importance to the religious belief are being given, which gives birth to the side effects of the conduct. Q.2 Why do young crowd feel that Christianity is not a happening cultural activity? An 18-year-old Marcus said that he left church when he was 15 because the teachings did not amuse him and it did not interest him of anything as a youth. The major quest, a struggle for a religion is to impose an exertion of force of involvement in terms of attraction. I usually attend church service wherein I find young ones missing the services. I kept questioning myself that, where the young crowd has disappeared? Surprisingly the young ones have taken charge for the attendance of the church. In this consequence the church should give priority to change its curriculum and its way of presenting the services with new attractive packages for enhancement. Q.3 Are the young preachers practicing different approaches in Christianity declining. What are your suggestions? As the attendance of the youth in church has declined, but on the other hand people practicing approaches are increasing in numbers. The following is revealed through one of the youths that more the deepening are the studies of the bible, more a person becomes a hypocrite of the Christian leadership and unintentionally accepts and performs the lifes